OPTIMIZATION OF REDISTRIBUTION OF INSULATOR ACROSS THE THERMAL INSULATION SHELL OF ENERGY EFFICIENT GREEN BUILDINGS

Abstract

Today, in Ukraine, the tasks of increasing the energy efficiency of new buildings and thermal modernization of the existing housing stock in order to create energy-efficient green residential buildings are becoming particularly urgent. Solving these tasks is possible through rational insulation of external enclosing structures and optimal distribution of the thermal insulation layer behind the facades of the building, taking into account the uneven thermal energy impact of the environment, which varies significantly depending on the orientation of the building to the cardinal points, the intensity of solar radiation and the wind regime of a particular area.

It is worth noting that current regulatory documents establish only the minimum permissible level of heat transfer resistance of enclosing structures, but do not take into account such important factors of the thermal energy impact of the environment as the intensity of solar radiation, wind load and temperature fluctuations during the heating season. This leads to the fact that design solutions are often unified for all facades, although the actual heat loss through the northern and southern walls of the same building may differ by 20–30 percent. Therefore, the scientific and applied question of the optimal redistribution of the standard thickness of the insulation between different sides of the building's thermal insulation shell, taking into account the above-mentioned influences, remains open.

To solve the outlined problem, the work proposes a method for optimizing heat transfer resistance for both translucent (window blocks, facade glazing) and opaque enclosing structures (external walls, coatings) under different climatic and operational conditions, and also develops a structure for optimizing the distribution of thermal insulation material between individual facades, which allows for a differentiated approach to the insulation of building sides of different orientations.

The results obtained have direct practical significance and can be effectively used in the architectural design of energy-efficient green buildings already at the early pre-design stages, when volumetric planning solutions are determined and structural systems are selected. The proposed approach provides architects and designers with a toolkit for a well-founded assignment of the thickness of the thermal insulation layer for each facade plane separately, which makes it possible to avoid both excessive material consumption in areas less loaded with heat loss and insufficient thermal insulation in the most vulnerable areas, as well as to form architectural solutions that harmoniously combine aesthetic expressiveness with high thermal performance. In addition, the use of the research results allows for a feasibility study of the choice of thermal insulation materials and their distribution across facades, to assess the effectiveness of various insulation scenarios, and to make informed design decisions that take into account both energy-saving potential and cost constraints. Thus, the implementation of the research results into architectural practice ensures a transition from average regulatory solutions to individualized, climate-adapted thermal insulation strategies, which is a key prerequisite for achieving sustainable development goals and creating truly green, energy-efficient buildings in Ukraine.