INTERACTION OF BUILDING MATERIALS WITH AIR FLOWS IN PNEUMATIC CONVEYING AND ASPIRATION SYSTEMS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31650/2786-6696-2026-17-85-91Keywords:
aerodynamic parameters, loading areas, air ejection, bulk material jet.Abstract
The article examines the features of the interaction of flows of bulk building materials with air flows in pneumatic transport and aspiration systems of construction industry enterprises. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that the processes of receiving, transporting and overloading bulk materials are accompanied by intensive dust emission, which is largely determined by the nature of the interaction of material and air streams. In modern practice of designing receiving devices and aspiration systems, these processes are mostly considered separately, without taking into account their interconnection, which leads to a decrease in the efficiency of aspiration installations and deterioration of operating conditions of production equipment. Based on the conducted research, the kinematic patterns of the addition of air masses to flows of bulk materials during their gravitational movement in gravity pipelines were determined. Analytical dependencies were obtained for determining the ejection pressure, volumes and air velocities that arise in the process of transporting the material. It is shown that the magnitude of the ejection pressure and the volume of air moving through gravity pipelines depend on the geometric parameters of the pipelines, the physical and mechanical properties of the material, the mass flow rate and the degree of tightness of the system. The patterns of static pressure distribution along the transport elements are established and the conditions for the formation of zones of excess and reduced pressure that affect the processes of dust emission are determined. Based on the results obtained, a scientifically substantiated method for calculating the aerodynamic parameters of aspiration sampling is proposed, which takes into account the ejection properties of bulk materials and the conditions of their transportation in gravity pipelines and transfer units. The proposed approach allows you to determine the required volumes of aspiration air, evaluate the parameters of dust air flows and increase the efficiency of aspiration systems. The results of the study can be used in engineering calculations and design of dust removal and pneumatic transport systems at construction industry enterprises.References
[1] O.O. Lapshyn, V.A. Shapovalov, M.V. Khudyk, O.L. Shepel, "Industrial research on dust trapping efficiencyby the fiber filter in aspiration shelters of reloading units", Naukovyi Visnyk NHU, no. 2, р. 101-106, 2018. https://doi.org/10.29202/nvngu/2018-2/11.
[2] O.A. Mukha, I.O. Luts, A.A. Yurchenko, D.V. Saveliev, "Obgruntuvannia ulashtuvannia aspiratsiinoho ukryttia pry perevantazhenni hirnychoi masy na konveierakh", Zbirnyk naukovykh prats NTU "Dniprovska Politekhnika", no. 66-06, pp. 63-71, 2021. https://doi.org/10.33271/crpnmu/66.063.
[3] O.O. Lapshyn, M.V. Khudyk, "Rozrobka volokonnoho filtra dlia pylovykh kamer", Naukovyi visnyk Natsionalnoho hirnychoho universytetu, no. 1, pp. 100-105, 2020. https://doi.org/10.33271/nvngu/2020-1/100.
[4] M.V. Danichenko, E.A. Geraskina, O.I. Khomenko, S.V. Semenov, V.O. Makarov, "Opredelenie aerodinamicheskikh parametrov peregruzochnykh uchastkov na predpriiatiiakh stroiindustrii", Visnyk ODABA, no. 63, pp. 202-207, 2016.
[5] D.S. Pustovoi, "Rozrobka aspiratsiinoi systemy z vysokym rivnem ochyshchennia povitria vid melkodysperсnoi pylu", Zbirnyk naukovykh prats Natsionalnoho hirnychoho universytetu, no. 51, pp. 209-218, 2017. https://doi.org/10.20998/2413-4295.2017.53.02.
[6] Hui Ma, Guanguo Ma, Zhenjiao Sun, Kang Gao, Lianjun Chen, "Study on flow characteristics of pneumatic conveying of stiff shotcrete materials by CFD-DEM", Results in Engineering, 26, р. 1-12, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rineng.2025.105129.
[7] P. Beaulac, M. Issa, A. Ilinca, J. Brousseau, "Parameters Affecting Dust Collector Efficiency for Pneumatic Conveying", Energies, 15(3), 916, 2022. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15030916.
[8] C. Wang, W. Li, B. Li, Z. Jia, S. Jiao, H. Ma, "Study on the Influence of Different Factors on Pneumatic Conveying in Horizontal Pipe", Applied Sciences, 13(9), 5483, 2023. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13095483.
[9] A.-N. Huang, K. Ito, T. Fukasawa, K. Fukui, H.-P. Kuo, "Effects of particle mass loading on the hydrodynamics and separation efficiency of a cyclone separator", J. Taiwan Inst. Chem. Eng., 90, pp. 61-67, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtice.2017.12.016.
[10] P. Beaulac, M. Issa, A. Ilinca, R. Lepage, F. Martini, "Improving the Energy Efficiency of Cyclone Dust Collectors for Wood Product Factories", Open J. Energy Effic., 10, pp. 97-119, 2021. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojee.2021.103007.
[11] G. Ma, Z. Sun, H. Ma, P. L., "Calibration of contact parameters for moist bulk of shotcrete based on EDEM", Adv. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2022. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/6072303.
[12] Hui Ma, Guanguo Ma, Zhenjiao Sun, Kang Gao, "Flow characteristics of coarse particles in horizontal pneumatic conveying: A CFD-DEM study", Powder Technology, 10.1016, vol. 482, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2026.122715.
[13] A. Kokolenko and V. Turyk, "Filtration systems of aspiration, ventilation and pneumatic transport in industry: features of operation, aerodynamic problems and ways to solve them", Mech. Adv. Technol., vol. 9, no. 2(105), pp. 144-156, 2025. https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0923-2173.
[14] M. Zhang, W. Qin, X. Ma, A. Liu, C. Yan, P. Li, et al., "An Environmentally Friendly Technology of Metal Fiber Bag Filter to Purify Dust-Laden Airflow", Atmosphere, vol. 13, no. 3, p. 485, 2022. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13030485.
[15] V. A. Shapovalov, V. I. Lyashenko and A. O. Gurin, "A Cleaning of Internal Surfaces of Bunkers without the Presence of Operating Personnel inside the Bunker", Mining Revue, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 78-85, 2024. https://doi.org/10.2478/minrv-2024-0009.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 MODERN CONSTRUCTION AND ARCHITECTURE
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
