URBAN PLANNING PRINCIPLES AND GENERAL APPROACHES TO THE CONCEPT OF RESTORING URBAN AREAS AND CITIES THAT WERE SUBJECT TO DESTRUCTION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31650/2786-6696-2025-14-25-32Keywords:
urbanized areas, reconstruction, rebuilding, restoration, master plan, microdistrict, urban planning, building typology.Abstract
The purpose of the work is to develop basic urban planning principles and conceptual foundations for the reconstruction of highly urbanized territories that have been destroyed for the tasks of restoring the urban settlement system. An analysis of the experience of restoring cities and territories in the post-war period was conducted. Positive examples are based on an integrated approach with compliance with two conditions ‒ the involvement of local communities and the development of comprehensive development strategies. situational response ‒ when solving the tasks of urban development, provided many negative consequences of a significant scale. At the initial stage of anti-crisis management, the priority task is to update the city's general plan. The general plan acts as a key document that formalizes the rules, priorities and tasks of urban development activities.
The restoration of territories in conditions of reduced urban potential has a number of specific features: a decrease in population, loss of industrial production, as well as the degradation of transport and engineering infrastructure. This is accompanied by a general deterioration in the qualitative and quantitative indicators of the development of the urban environment.
During the development of the updated general plan, modern principles of spatial development should be laid down: safety, environmental friendliness, autonomy, energy efficiency, convenience and comfort, transport accessibility, creation of conditions for employment.
It is proposed to structure the restoration process by hierarchical levels and types of objects. It is also worth identifying the subjects of management related to reconstruction and forming an information package for planning and implementing design solutions.
The matrix for analyzing planning units of destroyed territories is proposed as a tool that allows for typology, determining priorities and creating a basis for forming regulatory regulation of restoration. It is proposed to use a subject-oriented restoration model.
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