VOLUME-PLANNING SOLUTIONS OF PRE-SCHOOL EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS WITH PLACEMENT OF SHELTERS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31650/2786-6696-2023-5-9-15Keywords:
kindergarten, protected premises, space-planning solutions, current building codes, insolation, energy saving.Abstract
The article highlights one of the most pressing problems of today ‒ the protection of children in educational institutions. The author analyzes the main requirements of the current legislative and regulatory documentation on the protection of children in preschool education institutions during military operations; recommendations of the State Emergency Service; the main provisions of the concept of security of educational institutions.
The purpose of this study is to develop proposals for the placement of protected premises in preschool institutions, which will ensure the maximum possible safety, physical and psychological comfort of staying in a protected space in these conditions.
Proposals have been developed to change approaches to the space-planning solutions of preschool buildings with the arrangement of protected rooms in the middle span of the building, which will ensure the maximum possible safety, physical and psychological comfort of staying in a protected space.
The possibility of using the bedrooms of a kindergarten as a shelter is substantiated.
A comparative analysis of regulatory requirements for insolation and energy saving in preschool educational institutions is carried out. It is emphasized that there is a mismatch between the requirements of these requirements and the safety of existing premises of preschool institutions.
Proposals for new building codes for the protection of children in educational institutions, including the area of the premises per child, recommendations for the use of these premises in peacetime, and the composition of furniture and equipment, are analyzed.
If these proposals are adopted, which include the use of bedrooms as permanent premises in the protected part of the building, as well as ensuring the optimal ratio of energy saving and insolation requirements, architects will have to completely revise their approach to the space-planning solutions for kindergartens.
The new space-planning solutions will make preschool buildings more compact, which will provide energy savings, and most importantly, there will be rooms in the middle part of the building that will be enclosed by at least two main walls and, with appropriate structural strength, can be used as shelters.
The results of the research can be used in practice in the construction of shelters in preschools.
References
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