STUDY OF STRENGTH AND STRAINS OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS BASED ON FILLED POLYMERS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31650/2786-6696-2024-8-72-79Keywords:
filled polymer material, strength, stress, strain, polymethyl methacrylate, filler.Abstract
The article aims to study compressive and bending strength of polymer materials and their strains with various amounts of filler to determine the optimal value. The polymer composite material consists of polymethyl methacrylate as a binder and quartz sand as a filler with the fractions at 0.14 mm, 0.315 mm, 0.63 mm. The filler amounts were changed from 100 to 500 weight parts. The strength of polymer filled material was determined by testing cube samples under compressive and beam samples under bending. The strains were determined by testing prism samples under tensile. The study results show the significant impact of the fraction type on the strength and deformation characteristics of composite materials based on polymethyl methacrylate. The samples with the finest fraction of filler 0.14 mm and 150 weight part demonstrate the biggest strength ‒ 90 MPa under compressive and 40 MPa under bending. The increase both particles size and their amount led to the decrease the strength of filled composite. The analysis of the dependencies between stresses and strains shows than deformations drop as far as the amount of mineral filler declines. In proportion as the quantity of filler goes up, the creep deformations occur under less amount of tensile stress. It is linked the less interaction on the border "filler-polymer" and, as consequences, the bigger possibilities of polymer to plastic deformations. Based on obtained dependencies, the patterns of defect development under loading have been proposed that involves taking into account interphase interaction on the borders "filler-polymer" and "filler-filler". The less the particles size, the bigger their specific surface and structure-forming effect. The increase of sand particles size and their amount leads to growth of porosity, goes down the strength of composite material and drops the capability of elastic recoverable strains. The practical importance of this study is the possibility the usage of the filled polymer composites for recovering and renovation works where traditional cost cement fillers are replaced with cheap and ecofriendly fine sand.
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